Clean Process technologies and waste utilization in tanneries
It is being increasingly recognized that end of pipe solutions are not the ultimate strategy for waste management. Economic instruments have a major role to play. These also include cost cuttings through  recovery, reuse and recycle of waste materials as also a more prudent use of resources [...]

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Earth has evolved out of millions of years of intense Biogeochemical activity. Early earth did not have free oxygen, the environment was anoxic, the type you have besides polluted rivers and lakes, composed of marsh gases like Hydrogen Sulphide, Ammonia and Methane etc. It was within this environment and the large water masses that the [...]

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Coconut shells, palm kernel shells and sawdust, other raw materials such as corncobs, rice hulls and vegetable wastes can also be used to produce activated carbon.
From Walnut shells
Walnut shells serve as an alternative source of  Activated Carbon. Adsorption capacity increased with increase in activation temperature but beyond 400 degrees celsius resulted in thermal decomposition. Activation [...]

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Activated carbon is one of the most effective media for removing a wide range of contaminants from industrial and municipal waste waters, landfill leachate and contaminated ground. As the world’s most powerful adsorbent, it can cope with a wide range of contaminants.Different contaminants may be present in the same discharge and carbon may be used [...]

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Waste Plastic disposal is a major environmental Issue and it is obvious that industry must endeavour to minimise wastes.Recovery and recycle are favourable options as they generate wealth.All types of plastics are suitable for recycling. Besides mechanical recycling, chemical recycling,gasification and liquefaction can be used . Fibre-reinforced polymeric waste can be treated by pyrolysis . [...]

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Biomass wastes are generated in large quantities in developing countries especially in the Asia Pacific region. Agricultural Farms/ Fields in urban areas, agro processing industries, urban vegetable market places, road sweepings and road side plantations are some areas which generate significant biomass waste. The management of these areas is generally in the hands of poor [...]

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Global Coal reserves are expected to last another 200 years. India also has a vast coal reserve of 211 billion tones making coal one of the most extensively used fossil fuel for generating power. With 40 % to 50% ash content in Indian, coal this presents an inherent problem of ash disposal. Power plant ashes [...]

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Reuse and recycling of wastes has great economical promise. Industrial woody waste, agricultural wastes, pruned branches, bagasse and chaff can be gainfully recycled to produce Ethanol. The Technology centers round recycling, material recovery and fuel recovery. The acid hydrolysis process is used to decompose hemi cellulose to pentose with a main ingredient of Xylose. The [...]

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